Geometric patterns can be created by a compass and ruler. Most patterns are made of a small number of repeated elements. They are two dimensional in character, meaning there is no foreground or background and all shapes fit together like a puzzle without any gaps or overlaps.
This type of construction is called a tessellation. They radiate out from a central space and repeated as long as there is surface left to fill. Tiled floors, such as this one in Istanbul are tessellations waiting to become blackwork designs. Once the outline is stitched suitable motifs can be inserted. However, they must not overlap or have gaps between them if they are to be true tessellations.

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